AH-Su-Chapter 24: Tarpana Putpaka Vidhi तर्पण -पुटपाक विधि / Eye Care

Tarpana Vidhi- procedure of Tarpana therapy:-

नयने ताम्यति स्तब्धे शुष्के रुक्षे अभिघातिते
वातापित्तातुरे जिह्मे शीर्ण पक्ष्माविलक्षणे १
कृच्छ्रोन्मील शिराहर्ष शिरोत्पात तमोर्जुनैः
स्यन्दमन्थान्यतोवात  पर्यायशुक्रकैः २
आतुरे शान्तरागाश्रु शूल संरम्भ दूषिके

Indications for Tarpana eye care procedure:
When the eyes are fatigued, stiff, dry, rough or injured;
in patients of increase of  Vata and Pitta;
when there is irregularity – Asymmetry or loss of eye Lashes,
in clouded unclear vision;
in patients of – diseases like
Krchronmilla –difficulty in opening eyes
Shiraharsha, Shirotpata – redness and hemorrhage
Tama – darkness in front of eyes
Arjuna,Syanda, Mantha, Anyato Vata, Vataparyaya, and Sukraka;
After relief from redness lacrimation, pain, swelling and exertions.

तर्पण योग्य / Those Fit for Tarpana Therapy

निवाते तर्पणं योज्यं शुद्धयोः मूर्द्धकाययोः
काले साधारणे प्रातः सायं  वोत्तानशायिनः

शुद्धयोः मूर्द्धकाययोः. - who have purified both head by nasya  and body by vamana, virecana and vasti

काले साधारणे. - temperate season
both in प्रातः / morning and सायं / evening
प्रायं वोत्तानशायिनः - lying with his face upwards
निवाते -  in room devoid of breeze 

Tarpana procedure -

The patient should undergo purification of head – Nasya treatment and also purification of body – Vamana and Virechana.
Time for Tarpana can be either morning or evening.
The patient is lying with his face upwards in a room devoid of breeze. 1-3 ½

Procedure

यवमाषमयीं पालीं नेत्रकोशात् बहिः समाम्
द्वयङ्गुलोच्चां दृढां कृत्वा यथास्वं सिद्धमावपेत्

A wall is constructed with the paste prepared from Yava (barley) and  Masha (black gram) around eye socket –resembling a well to a height of two Angula –finger breadth.

सर्पिर्निमील्यते नेत्रे तप्ताम्भु प्रविलायितम्

Keeping the eyelids closed, medicated herbal ghee, which is liquefied by heating in hot water bed, should be poured into the well up to the level of tips of the eye lashes.

Condition for Using Vasa (Muscle Fat) instead of Ghee

नक्तान्ध्य वात तिमिर कृच्छ्रबोधादिके वसाम्

In diseases like Naktandhya (night blindness), Vatatimira, Krichradodha etc. muscle fat should be used instead of ghee.

अपक्ष्माग्रात् अथोन्मेषं शनैकस्तस्य कुर्वतः

The patient should then be asked to open his eyes slowly and retain the drug .

Matrakala- time required to utter a soft syllable should be counted up to

मात्रा विगणयेत्तत्र वर्त्म सन्धिसितासिते
दृष्टौ च क्रमशो व्याधौ शतं त्रीणि च पञ्च च
शतानि सप्त चाष्टौ च , दश मन्थे , दशानिले
पित्ते षट्, स्वस्थवृत्ते च वलासे पञ्च चारयेत्

100 – for the diseases of Vartma – eye lids
300 – for the diseases of Sandhi – fornices
500 – for the diseases of Sita – sclera
700 – for the diseases of Asita – cornea
800 – for the diseases of Drishti – pupil, retina etc.
1000 – for the disease Adhimanta

1000 – for the disease caused by Vata imbalance
600 – for diseases caused by Pitta,
500 – for healthy person and for diseases of Kapha imbalance.
These are the time for retaining the drug.

कृत्वापाङ्गे ततो द्वारं स्नेहं पात्रे निगोलयेत्
पिबेतच्च धूमं , नेक्षेत व्योम रूपं च भास्वरम्

After the stipulated time, the ghee should be removed through a hole done at the outer canthus
The person should be given Dhumapana (herbal smoking)
The person is advised not to look at the bright sky or bright objects.

Tarpana days -

इत्थं प्रतिदिनं वायौ , पित्ते त्वेकान्तरं, कफे 
स्वस्थे च ह्यन्तरं दद्ध्यादात्रुप्तिरेति योजयेत्

Tapana therapy should be done daily in diseases of Vata,
On alternative days in diseases of Pitta,
with an interval of two days for the healthy persons and in diseases of  kapha,

Symptoms of excess or less Tarpana – Tarpana Atiyoga, Ayoga Lakshana –

प्रकाशक्षमता स्वास्थ्यं विशदं लघु लोचनम्
तृप्ते, 

Prakasha Kshamata – Ability  to withstand bright light
Good eye health
Vishada – clarity in vision
Laghu lochana – lightness in eyes are the symptoms of good Tarpana procedure.

विपर्ययोअत्रुप्ते 

Opposite of these are the symptoms of inadequate Tarpana and अत्रुप्ते श्लेष्मजा रुजः appearance of disorders of Kapha imbalance is the symptom of Excess Tarpana. 4-11

Contraindication

तर्पणं पुटपाकं च नस्यानर्हे न योजयेत्

Tarpan and Putpaka should not be administered to those who are unfit for nasya.

Pathya - apathya

यावन्त्यहानि युञ्जीत द्विस्ततो हितमांभवेत्
मालतीमल्लिकापुष्पैर्बद्धाक्षो निबसेन्निशाम्

Those who have undergone tarpana and putapaka should adhere to - healthy foods and activities for double the number of days of these therapies; during nights, he should bind the eyes with a pad of flowers like malati, mallika etc.

Putapaka Vidhi- Procedure of Putapaka:-

स्नेहपीता  तनुरिव  क्लान्ता दृष्टिर्हि सीदति 
तर्पणानन्तरं तस्मात् दृक्र  बलाधानकारिणम् १२
पुटपाकं प्रयुञ्जीत पूर्वोक्तेष्वेव यक्ष्मसु

Just as the body becomes fatigued after Snehana therapy (drinking fats), eyes become fatigued after Tarpana therapy; In order to restore the strength to the eyes, Putapaka therapy should be done in diseases mentioned earlier. 12

Types of Putapaka –

स वाते स्नेहनः, श्लेष्म सहिते लेखनो हितः
दृक् दौर्बल्य अनिले पित्तेरक्ते स्वस्थे प्रसादनः

Snehana putapaka (with fat) – for Vata imbalance disorder.

Lekhana Putapaka (scraping type) – for Vata – Kapha imbalance disorder.

Prasadana Putapaka (soothing) – in weakness of the eyes, vision, in disorders of Vata Pitta and Rakta and for the healthy person. 13

Putpaka Dravyas

भूशयप्रसहानूपमेदोमज्जवसामिषैः
स्नेहनं पयसा पिष्टैःजीवनीयैश्च कल्पयेत्

Snehana Putapaka is done by making use of fat, marrow, muscle fat and juice of meat of animals which live in burrows (Bhushaya), which bite (Prasaha) – cut their food, cow, horse, ass etc, and  those which live in Marshy lands (Anupa), or with drugs of Jivaneeya gana- (chapter 15) macerated with milk- 14

मृगपक्षियक्रुत्मांसमुक्तायस्ताम्रसैन्धवैः
स्रोतोजराशङ्खफेन आलैर्लेखानं मस्तुकल्कितैः

Lekhana Putapaka is by making use of Mastu (whey), water of yoghurt macerated with the paste of liver  of animal and birds, pearls, ash of iron and copper, Saindhava- salt, Srotonjana (Antimony sulphide), Shankha (ash of conch shell), Phena- (sea foam), cuttlefish  and Ala (orpiment ). 15

मृगपक्षियकृत्मज्जवसास्थ्ह्रुदयामिषैः
मधुरैःसघृतैः स्तन्यक्षीरपिष्टैः प्रसादनम्

Prasadana Putapaka is by the use of cow milk / breast milk macerated with the liver, marrow, Muscle fat, Muscle of intestines and heart of animals and birds and drugs of sweet taste, and mixed with ghee. 16

Putapaka Kalpana – preparing the recipe-

बिल्वमात्रं पृथक् पिण्डं मांसं भेषजकल्कयोः १७
उरुबूकवटाम्भोजपत्रैः स्नेहदिषु क्रमात्
वेष्टयित्वा मृदा लिप्तं धवधन्वनगोमयैः १८
पचेत्प्रदीप्तैः अग्न्याभं पक्वं निष्पीड्य तद्रसम्
नेत्रे तर्पणवत् युञ्ज्यात्

The meat of animals and drugs should be made into balls of size of Bael fruit or of 1 pala (48 grams).
The balls should be wrapped in leaves of Urubuka, Vata or Amboja, Smeared with fats, and given a coating of mud.
After they become dry, they are placed inside the fire, of wood of Dhava or Dhavana or of dried crow dung and cooked till the balls become fire like red in appearance.
After they cool off, the paste of drugs is taken out and juice extracted from it.
The juice should be used for Tarpana procedure, as explained above.

Maatra Kala

शतं द्वे त्रीणि धारयेत्
लेखनस्नेहनान्त्येषु 

The juice should be retained for a period  of 200 – 300 Matra Kala. 200 for Snehana and Lekhana. 300 for Prasadhana.

Temperature of Drug

कोष्णौ पूर्वौ, हिम अपरः

Juice should be Lukewarm for the Snehana and Lekhana and cold for Prasadana.

धूमपः अन्ते तयोरेव

At the end of the Snehana and Lekhana types, Dhumpana (medicated smoking) is indicated. 19

योगास्तत्र च तृप्तिवत्

The signs and symptoms of proper, inadequate or excess of Putapaka therapy are similar to those mentioned under Tarpana therapy. 20

तर्पणं पुटपाकं च नस्यानर्हे न योजयेत्

Both Tarpana and Putapaka therapies should not be administered to those who are unfit for Nasya.

यावन्त्यहानि युञ्जीत द्विस्ततो हितमांभवेत्
मालतीमल्लिकापुष्पैर्बद्धाक्षो निबसेन्निशाम्

The patient who has undergone Tarpana and Putapaka therapies should adhere to healthy foods and activities for double the number of days of Nasya therapy. During nights he should bind the eyes with a pad of flowers like Malati, Mallika (Jasmine varieties).21

सर्वात्मनां नेत्रबलाय यत्नं कुर्वति नस्याञ्जनतर्पणाध्यैः 
दृष्टिश्च नष्टा  विविधं जगश्च तमोमयं जायत एकरूपम् २२

All out efforts should be made to strengthen the eyes by following Nasya, Anjana, Tarpana etc, for once the vision is lost the different types of things of the world will all become one types of thing – darkness. 22

Thus ends the twenty fourth chapter called Tapana Putapaka Vidhi in sutrasthana of Astanga hrudaya composed by Vaghata.